Interviews with former Magdalene women and girls

Oral history of:
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Nancy Shannon
Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Donnybrook; difficulties accessing records; Legion of Mary; stigma of illegitimacy; survivor attitudes towards litigation; issues proving duration of stay; survivor attitudes towards escape.
Mary Jefferies
Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Limerick; St Joseph’s Mercy Orphanage, Clifden, Co Galway; Convent of Mercy, Spiddal, Co Galway; Croagh Patrick, Co Mayo; rule of silence; food deprivation; wore dark grey & black gown as a uniform; witnessed Guards returning Magdalenes who escaped; transfer between laundries; institutionalisation in older Magdalene women.
Phil
The Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Peacock Lane, Cork; Child of Mary; Legion of Mary; St Finbarr’s Industrial School for Girls, Sundays Well, Cork; Institutionalisation; Residential Institution Redress Board.
Sinéad
Sisters of The Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Limerick; Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Donnybrook; Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Peacock Lane, Cork; Legion of Mary Regina Coeli Hostel; St. Joseph’s Industrial School for Girls, Mallow, Co. Cork; escape attempt; transfers between laundries; institutionalisation in older Magdalene women; rule of silence.
Bridget O'Donnell
Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Donnybrook; Sisters of Our Lady of Charity of Refuge Magdalene Laundry, Sean McDermott Street; St Francis Xavier Industrial School, Ballaghderreen, Co Roscommon; Convent of Mercy, Athlone; St Patrick’s Mother and Baby Home, Navan Road; St Brendan’s Psychiatric Hospital, Grangegorman; Board of Health; Dublin Board of Assistance;  Banada Industrial School, Sligo; medical abuse; house name of Satan used; Barnardos; Legion of Mary; St Anne’s Hostel, Stillorgan; difficulties with solicitors at Residential Institutions Redress Board.
Sara W.
Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Donnybrook; Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Peacock Lane, Cork; Séan Ross Abbey Mother and Baby Home, Roscrea, Co. Tipperary; Legion of Mary; escape attempt; returned to laundry by Gardaí; rule of silence; suicide attempt in laundry; transfer between laundries; auxiliary system; difficulty in accessing records; institutionalisation in older Magdalene women; Residential Institutions Redress Board; sexual assault.
Martina Keogh
Sisters of Our Lady of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Seán MacDermott Street; love of animals; stigma of unmarried motherhood; sex work; St Joseph’s Industrial School, Kilkenny; St Patrick’s Mother and Baby Home, Navan Road; St Kevin’s Hospital; tenement houses; sexual abuse; St Joseph’s Industrial School, Clifden; Residential Institutions Redress Board (RIRB); impact of RIRB; St Mary’s Industrial School, Lakelands; Cheeverstown Convalescence Home; St Anne’s Reformatory, Kilmacud; Magdalene Laundry as alternative to prison or remand; institutionalisation in older Magdalene women; Inter-Departmental Committee to establish the facts of State involvement in the Magdalen Laundries; forced adoption and family separation; lack of education; literacy issues; Magdalene ex gratia scheme; church involvement in education and social services; Ruhama; impact of family separation; stigma of illegitimacy; horizontal violence in laundries; deaths in Magdalene Laundries.
Mary May
Sisters of Our Lady of Charity Magdalene Laundries, Seán MacDermott Street and High Park; St Patrick’s Mother and Baby Home, Navan Road; St Joseph’s Industrial School, Kilkenny (Sisters of Charity); St Patrick’s Special School, Kells Road Kilkenny; St Joseph’s Industrial School, Fairyhouse, Clonmel; St. Joseph’s Industrial School, Artane; effects of institutionalisation; absence of supports for unmarried mothers; long-term effects of separation from family members; Regina Coeli Hostel; domestic violence; present-day attitudes of religious sisters to abuse in industrial schools; Residential Institutions Redress Board.
Sarah
Sisters of Our Lady of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Seán MacDermott Street; An Grianán Training Centre, High Park; mental illness; alcoholism; drug abuse; care homes; St Helena’s care home, Finglas; absence of family supports; sexual abuse; homelessness; rebelliousness; breakdown of family relationships; domestic violence; rape; Regina Coeli Hostel; Legion of Mary; St Vincent’s Industrial School, Goldenbridge; St Patrick’s Mother and Baby Home, Navan Road; forced adoption; family separation; denial of access to records; Miss Carr’s Home, Ranelagh.
Kathleen R.
Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundries: Waterford, Sundays Well, Limerick; St. Dominick’s Industrial School for Girls; hunger strike; transfers between Magdalene Laundries; Traveller Community; St Joseph’s Industrial School, Greenmount; priests’ housekeepers in Magdalene Laundry; St Otteran’s Psychiatric Hospital; anti-psychotic medications; straitjackets; Cork City Gaol; fear of being re-incarcerated; Gardaí returning women and girls to laundries; inaccuracies in religious order records; deaths in Magdalene Laundries; end of life and burial practices; survivor complaints to religious orders; physical abuse in industrial schools; Residential Institutions Redress Board (RIRB); treatment of witnesses at RIRB; St Coleman’s Industrial School for Girls, Cobh, Rushbrook; Clifton Convalescent Home; Carriglea Psychiatric Hospital.
Philomena
Mount Saint Vincent Orphanage, Limerick; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Limerick; Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Peacock Lane; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Sundays Well; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry New Ross; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Waterford; Marianvale Mother and Baby Home, Newry; separation of family members; sexual assault; lack of education; literacy issues; auxiliaries; Irish Society for the Protection of Cruelty to Children Inspector; Child of Mary; hunger strike; rebelliousness; rule of silence; adoption; lack of informed consent; forced adoption; mental illness; alcoholism.
Nora Lynch
 St Joseph’s Industrial School, Clifden, Co Galway; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Sundays Well, Cork; brainwashing of auxiliaries; interviewee refused to answer to house name; rule of silence; rebelling and questioning laundry regime; manufacture of scapulars in laundry; manufacture of dresses for local retailers; process to become Child of Mary; hunger striking; auxiliaries as part of regime; stigma of laundry and illegitimacy; Residential Institutions Redress Board; separation of friendships and alliances in laundry; self-education.
Mary Creighton
Sisters of Our Lady of Charity Magdalene Laundry, High Park, Drumcondra; Sacred Heart Mother and Baby Home, Castlepollard, Co Westmeath (St Peter’s); Nazareth House, Sligo; survivor views on anonymity; positive effects (for survivors) of social media and access to information technology; childhood physical abuse; illegitimacy; working conditions in Mother and Baby Home; conditions giving birth in Mother and Baby Home; symphysiotomy; escape attempt from Mother and Baby Home; physical abuse in Mother and Baby Home; forced adoption; denial (natural mothers); natural mothers’ coping mechanisms following adoption; differences between administration and regime of Mother and Baby Home and Magdalene Laundry; Ireland to US adoption scheme; transfers from Mother and Baby Home to Magdalene Laundry; racism; domestic violence; abortion; rule of silence; sex work; emigration; psychiatric institutions; survivor attitudes towards the Catholic church, religious sisters and clerics; inter-generational effects; temporary/informal fostering arrangements; deaths in Mother and Baby Homes; effects of institution on relationships; impact of heightened awareness and publicity around Magdalene Laundry and Mother and Baby Home issues; attitude towards apologies.
Doris
Sisters of Our Lady of Charity of Refuge Magdalene Laundry, High Park, Drumcondra; Residential Institutions Redress Board; Sacred Heart Home, Drumcondra; non-acknowledgement of birthdays (in Sacred Heart Home); lack of religiosity because of experience in institutions; Sisters of Mercy Training Centre, Baggot Street; Beaumont Convalescent Home; emigration; adoption of certain children from home; return of adopted children to home; impact of institutionalisation on knowledge of the outside world; camaraderie between survivors; funeral and burial practices at High Park laundry; rule of silence; Ancient Order of Hibernians; Legion of Mary; separation from family through institutions; lack of birth certificate; withholding of information about family origins; lack of family medical history; inter-generational impact of lack of information; impact of institutionalisation on parenting.
Frances Walsh
Sisters of Mercy Mount Carmel Industrial School, Moate, Co Westmeath; Residential Institutions Redress Board; self-education; Sisters of Mercy Magdalene Laundry, Dun Laoghaire; rebelliousness (in industrial school); Residential Institutions Redress Board (RIRB); Section 28 (6) of Residential Institutions Redress Act, 2002; name changing in Industrial School; St Michael’s Hospital, Dun Laoghaire; death and burial practices at Magdalene Laundries; separation from family due to Industrial School and Magdalene Laundry system; stigma of illegitimacy; interaction between laundry and hospital on same campus; positive experiences with religious sisters; religiosity; improvements in laundry conditions in later years; shame and stigma.
Kathleen
Sisters of Our Lady of Charity Magdalene Laundry, High Park, Drumcondra; death and burial practices of Sisters of Our Lady of Charity; Legion of Mary; Residential Institutions Redress Board; Section 28 (6) of Residential Institutions Redress Act, 2002; An Grianán Training Centre, High Park; psychiatric assessments; threat of being sent from Industrial School to Magdalene Laundry as punishment; sexual abuse; Gardaí returning girls to High Park after escape; black habits (auxiliaries/consecrates) as part of regime; institutionalisation of black habits; Martanna House; All Hallows College; Aislinn Education Centre; stigma of unmarried motherhood and being in a laundry; self-education; survivor groups.
Catherine Whelan
Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, New Ross, Co Wexford; food deprivation; haircutting; beatings; solitary confinement with no food, water or toilet facilities; humiliation; lesbian relationships between older women in laundry; consecrated Magdalenes (auxiliaries) as part of regime; Residential Institutions Redress Board (RIRB); Magdalene ex gratia scheme; difficulties with solicitors at RIRB; religiosity; healthcare for Magdalene survivors.
Angelina Mayfield
Sisters of Our Lady of Charity Magdalene Laundry, High Park, Drumcondra; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Limerick; An Grianán Training Centre, High Park; St. Dominick’s Industrial School for Girls; Good Shepherd Marycrest Hostel, Limerick; St Michael’s Industrial School, Cappoquin; Waterford County Home; inter-generational incarceration in institutions; solitary confinement; sexual abuse; class hierarchies among religious sisters; psychiatric medications; institutionalisation; suicide; escape attempts; solitary confinement; food deprivation; Residential Institutions Redress Board (RIRB); non-conformity and rebelliousness; working in Magdalene Laundry for keep at Good Shepherd hostel; funerals at High Park Convent; homelessness; emigration; working as a dominatrix; alter-ego as means of coping; vaccine trials; concern for vulnerable people and animals; family estrangement due to industrial schools and laundries; Section 28 (6) of Residential Institutions Redress Act, 2002.
Ellen Murphy
Sisters of Charity Orphanage, Banada Abbey, Ballymote, Co Sligo; Good Shepherd Industrial School, Limerick; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Limerick; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Sundays Well; Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Peacock Lane; Sisters of Charity Magdalene Laundry, Donnybrook; stigma of bastard identity; auxiliary system in laundry; bullying and physical violence amongst women in laundry; survivors in institutionalised settings; absence of religiosity; survivor groups; loss of educational opportunities; adult education; emigration; Residential Institutions Redress Board; Magdalene Restorative Justice Scheme; permanent brain damage following assault in industrial school.
Mary
St Patrick’s Mother and Baby Home; Philomena’s Convent, Stillorgan; St Mary’s Industrial School, Lakelands, Sandymount; Our Lady of Charity of Refuge Magdalene Laundry, Gloucester Street; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Limerick; Residential Institutions Redress Board; Family Group Home, Letterkenny, Co. Donegal; intergenerational institutionalisation; rebelling; illegitimacy; emigration.
Lucy
Sisters of our Lady of Charity Laundry, Sean McDermott Street; training centre at Sean McDermott Street; social services; sexual abuse; difficulties with counsellors; suicide; inter-generational effects.
Evelyn
High Park Magdalene Laundry; High Park Industrial School; Sisters of Our Lady of Charity; sexual abuse; social services; physical punishment; emigration; forced informal adoption within family; intergenerational effects of childhood abuse.
Bernadette
Good Shepherd Mother and Baby Home, Belfast; Nazareth House, Fahan, Co. Donegal; adoption; class differences; Factories Acts/health and safety issues; difficulties with obtaining adoption information.
Bernadette and Francis Murphy
Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, New Ross, Co. Wexford; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Sundays Well; survivor support groups; emigration; Residential Institutions Redress Board; friendships between survivors; linen, embroidery and sewing industry in laundry; institutionalised survivors; lack of contact with family in laundry; Child of Mary; dowries for religious sisters; lack of socialisation; post traumatic stress disorder.
Mary Currington
Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Sundays Well; St Aidan’s Industrial School, New Ross; industrial school regime; County Homes; sexual abuse; physical abuse; sewing and needlework; Viyella; sales of Magdalene Laundry needlework; separation of siblings; institutionalisation; rebelliousness; escape attempts; Gardaí returning women and girls to laundries; transfer of religious sisters for questioning laundry/industrial school regime; public interaction with Magdalene women and girls; illegitimacy; post-natal experiences of unmarried women and girls; adoption; surveillance after leaving Magdalene Laundry; emigration; Residential Institutions Redress Board; long-term impact of sexual abuse; family reunion experiences; rejection; loss of identity; religious order as family; survivor reunions; shame; Magdalene Laundry finances; survivor groups; difficulties with solicitors.
Mary Smith
Clonakilty Industrial School; St. Joseph’s Industrial School for Girls, Mallow, Co. Cork; family separation; rape and sexual abuse; Residential Institutions Redress Board; Sacred Heart Mother and Baby Home, Bessborough, Cork; St. Joseph’s Industrial School, Greenmount, St. Patrick’s Industrial School, Upton; homelessness; St Stephen’s Psychiatric Hospital, Sarsfields Court, Cork; Queen of Angels School, Cork.
Chrissie Plunkett
Good Shepherd Sisters; Waterford Magdalene Laundry; disability issues; lack of money/financial awareness; learning difficulties; punishments for learning difficulties; Árd Mhuire Mother and Baby Home, Dunboyne, Co. Meath.
Pippa Flanagan
St. Bridget’s Industrial School for girls, Loughrea, Co. Galway; physical abuse; rape and sexual abuse; suicide and self-harm; depression; punishment of child because mother could not pay for keep in industrial school; denial of contact with fellow survivors after release from laundry; alcoholism; marital breakdown; emigration; lack of birth certificate; Residential Institutions Redress Board (RIRB); difficulties with solicitors at RIRB; Magdalen Commission.
Martha
Good Shepherd Sisters; Waterford Magdalene Laundry; sexual abuse; incest; sexual abuse in Magdalene Laundry; Interdepartmental Committee on the Magdalene Laundries; McAleese Report; inter-generational effects.
Kate O'Sullivan
Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Sundays Well; Residential Institutions Redress Board; Inter-departmental Committee on the Magdalene Laundries;  Magdalene Restorative Justice Scheme; lack of birth certificate; missing records/destruction of records.
Maureen Sullivan
Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, New Ross, Co Wexford; St Aidan’s Industrial School, New Ross, Co Wexford; sexual abuse; House of Mercy, Athy, Co Kildare; auxiliaries as part of regime; funeral and burial practices; Magdalene Laundry supplying rosary beads to Lourdes; St Mary’s School for the Blind, Merrion Road, Dublin 4; suicide; depression; difficulty maintaining relationships; difficulty celebrating birthdays; inability to show affection; fear of going to Irish counsellor; consequences of going public with experiences; Magdalene Survivors Together group; survivor groups; Residential Institutions Redress Board; McAleese Report; lack of access to hard copies of McAleese Report.
Margaret Burke
Sisters of Mercy Magdalene Laundry, Galway; St Ann’s Industrial School for Girls and Junior Boys, Lenaboy, Co Galway; inaccuracies with birth certificates and lack of acknowledgement of birthdays; survivor views on lack of education; isolation from Industrial School friends after departure; St Joseph’s Industrial School for Senior Boys, Salthill, Co Galway; distance among siblings due to separation in Industrial Schools; Residential Institutions Redress Board (RIRB); Section 28 (6) of Residential Institutions Redress Act, 2002; St Joseph’s Workhouse, Ennis; St Joseph’s County Home, Ennis; lack of financial autonomy (County Home); Mercy Magdalene Laundry, Galway; auxiliaries exercising discipline; physical abuse; hair-cutting; system of family members signing girls out of laundry; funeral practices in Magdalene Laundries; rule of silence; escape from Industrial School; differences between Industrial School and Magdalene Laundry; religious sisters controlling money; emigration to escape feeling of entrapment in Ireland; member of British Army; depression; changing one’s name; suicide attempt; self-education; literacy issues; difficulty sharing Magdalene experiences with family; stigma of illegitimacy; depression; suicide; love of animals; survivor support groups; difficulties with solicitors at RIRB; Inter-Departmental Committee to establish the facts of State involvement with the Magdalen Laundries; Magdalene redress scheme; health issues.
Beth
Sacred Heart Mother and Baby Home, Castlepollard, Co Westmeath; Good Shepherd Magdalene Laundry, Waterford; Árd Mhuire Mother & Baby Home, Dunboyne; Catholic Protection & Rescue Society, South Anne Street, Dublin; St Clare’s Baby Home, Stamullen, Co. Meath; St Patrick’s Mother & Baby Home, Navan Road, Dublin; St Brendan’s Psychiatric Hospital, Dublin; sexual abuse; suicide attempts; escape attempts; hunger strike; institutionalisation in older Magdalene women; rule of silence; Residential Institutions Redress Board; McAleese Inquiry; One in Four Group.